Understanding this evolution requires navigating two distinct philosophical frameworks: animal welfare and animal rights. While both seek to protect animals from harm, they diverge significantly in their ultimate goals, legal applications, and vision for the future.
The U.S. Congress passes the PACT Act (Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture), making animal cruelty a federal felony.
The foundational framework for animal welfare is the , originally formulated in 1965 by the UK Farm Animal Welfare Advisory Committee: