Adobe does not provide detailed public changelogs for minor point releases, but based on security bulletins (APSB19-47) and community analysis, the 11.0.23 update addressed:

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Adobe Acrobat XI Pro 11.0.23 is a professional-grade PDF editing and management software developed by Adobe Systems Incorporated. Released in 2012, Adobe Acrobat XI Pro is the 11th version of the popular software, which has become the industry standard for PDF creation and editing.