Accounts for 90% of corneal thickness. It contains perfectly arranged collagen fibrils that preserve corneal transparency.

When photons hit the retina, they strike the photopigments located in the photoreceptors: in rods (responsible for scotopic/night vision) and Iodopsin variations in cones (responsible for photopic/day and color vision).

The protective outer layer comprising the transparent cornea (anterior 1/6th) and the opaque sclera (posterior 5/6th).

You can access digital versions and official physical copies of " Anatomy and Physiology of Eye

The nutrient-supplying middle layer, including the iris , ciliary body , and choroid .

: High-quality computer-drawn color diagrams and clinical photographs illustrate detailed ocular structures, from the layers of the cornea to the intricate visual pathway.

The eyeball consists of three distinct concentric layers that house the refractive media.

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anatomy and physiology of eye ak khurana pdf

Muhammad Qasim

Muhammad Qasim is an English language educator and ESL content creator with a degree from the University of Agriculture Faisalabad and TEFL certification. He has over 5 years of experience teaching grammar, vocabulary, and spoken English. Muhammad manages several educational blogs designed to support ESL learners with practical lessons, visual resources, and topic-based content. He blends his teaching experience with digital tools to make learning accessible to a global audience. He’s also active on YouTube (1.6M Subscribers), Facebook (1.8M Followers), Instagram (100k Followers) and Pinterest( (170k Followers), where he shares bite-sized English tips to help learners improve step by step.