.env.default.local
Since .env.default.local is intended to be committed to version control, it should never contain API keys, passwords, or private certificates.
This strategy works because , while local overrides remain private to each developer . A new developer can clone the repository and immediately have sensible defaults to work with. They only need to create a .env.local file for secrets or machine-specific customizations, which they never need to commit. .env.default.local
: In modern frameworks like Next.js or Vite, .env.local is loaded for all environments (development, production builds) but ignored during testing to ensure consistent test results. 2. File Naming Conventions They only need to create a
: Environment-specific settings.
Even though it's committed, never put real API keys, passwords, or tokens in .env.default . Use placeholder values like changeme or your_key_here . File Naming Conventions : Environment-specific settings
require('dotenv').config( debug: true );
| Filename | Purpose | Commit to Git? | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | .env.default | Base defaults for all environments | ✅ Yes | | .env | Project defaults (fallback) | ✅ Yes (if no secrets) | | .env.default.local | Local defaults | ❌ No | | .env.local | Local overrides, personal machine config | ❌ No | | .env.development | Environment-specific (dev) | ✅ Yes | | .env.development.local | Personal dev overrides | ❌ No | | .env.production | Environment-specific (prod) | ✅ Yes |